Screening for DE‑miRNAs Data were normalized using the normalizeBetweenArray function from R package ‘LIMMA’ from the bioconductor project [13]. Data before and after normalization were shown in Fig. 1a, b, respectively. The miRNA differential expression analysis was conducted using the limma software package in the Bioconductor package (http://www. bioco nduct or.org/). The related codes were put into R,and the DE-miRNAs in HCC tumor samples with vascular invasion compared to HCC tumor samples without vascular invasion were analyzed through the limma package. P-value < 0.05 and |fold change (FC)| > 2 were set as the thresholds for identifying DE-miRNAs.